Commercial Flat Roof Systems
Flat roof systems аrе roofs tһаt аrе built ѕο tһаt tһеу аrе nearly flat. Tһеу аrе not absolutely flat; otherwise water would build up οn tһе roof (called ponding) аnԁ will eventually ѕtаrt tο ɡеt inside tһе building. Flat roofing іѕ ordinarily flat аnԁ һаѕ a very low pitch. Flat roofing allows building owners tο maximize roof top space. A flat roof allows business owners tο install HVAC gear, satellite dishes, security cameras, etc. Tһеу аrе required tο һаνе аt Ɩеаѕt a one-eighth-inch in deviation height over each foot οf tһе roof. Flat roofs аrе more οftеn οn commercial buildings tһаn on residential homes. It іѕ аƖѕο quite common tο see flat roofing on apartments, condominiums & townhome associations, industrial sites, institutions, restaurants, law offices and churches. But in areas wһеrе tһе climate іѕ arid, a flat roof can provide tһе homeowner wіtһ a relatively inexpensive option fοr a gable roof οr hip roof.
Flat roof systems work bу providing a waterproof covering over a building. Water іѕ tһеn directed tο drains, downspouts, аnԁ gutters bу tһе slight pitch οf tһе roof.
Your commercial property is your business. If your roof is not up to par, then your entire business could lose. A leak in a commercial property roof can stop work for days on end and thus can cost your hundreds, if not thousands in production costs.
Identifying Common Problems
Lack of maintenance and failure to correct minor roof deterioration in early stages is one of the major causes of premature roof problems. A good time to inspect your roof is in the spring; checking for any damage that may have occurred during the winter. It’s always important for a business owner or property manager to be wary of potential roofing problems. When a flat roof is involved, there is a variety of different issues to deal with.
Here are some of the most common problems found on today’s roofs:
Blisters
Blisters form due to voids in the roof system. Voids can result from skips in bitumen mopping, entrapped debris, uneven substrates, un-relaxed membranes, or entrapped gases resulting from moisture in the materials. During the heat of the day, air and moisture trapped in the void expand. The pressure developed in the void stretches the warm flexible membranes and displaces them to form a blister. During the night, the membranes cool, become stiff, and resist returning to their original shape. This process creates a partial vacuum within the blister, and more air is drawn into the blister through micro-cracks in the membranes. A few blisters do not generally lead to problems, as long as the blisters remain intact (watertight) and do not become too large. If a blister is ruptured, water can attack the reinforcement/bitumen interface and degrade the membrane strength. Therefore, it is important not to break blisters. People should avoid stepping on them, particularly when the membrane is cold. If rupture occurs, the blister becomes too large, or the blister pulls the seam apart, a repair is recommended.
Ponding Water
Improper roof installations can produce voids in the membrane, block drains, and result in ponding water. Other causes could be HVAC units without condensate drain lines, drains that are blocked by dirt or debris, or an improper slope. UV Rays compounded by ponding water can have adverse effects on roofs. Before roof repairs are hastily made, the source of the ponding water should be investigated. Always inspect for causes listed above thoroughly before making a repair.
Inadequate Supports for Rooftop Equipment
Often, the rooftop is used as a platform for all types of mechanical equipment, ladder struts, antennas, flag poles, signs, bracing, etc. These items should not be placed on the rooftop except when absolutely necessary. They should never be mounted or placed directly to the top of the roof membrane. Rather, they should be mounted to a support structure or to raised curb-type supports. Flat flange or curb flashings can then be used to keep the roof watertight, and roof replacement and recovering can be done without disturbing or removing the equipment.
Penetration Flashings
Penetrations through the roof membrane are usually flashed in one of two ways. Individual pipes and small vents usually use flat metal-flanged flashings that are placed directly on the top roofing material and stripped in. Larger penetrations and groups of smaller penetrations usually use curbs constructed of wood, metal, or concrete, flashed in, and have metal counter flashings installed.
Common problems are:
- Failure to properly design the flashing for the penetration
- Open or broken seams in metal curbs caused by expansion and contraction
- Standing water behind penetration curbs caused by the omission of crickets
- Sagging or separating base flashings caused by omission of top wood nailers.
- Missing or deteriorated counter flashing
- Splitting or separation of the stripping over the edge of metal flanges
- Improper priming and stripping of metal surfaces
- Fastener back out and separation of metal flange from the roof around penetration flashings
- Movement between stack vents or pipes and the flashing
Surface Deterioration
All roofing materials deteriorate from exposure to the weather at rates determined largely by the kind of material and the conditions of exposure. Inorganic materials generally tend to deteriorate less rapidly than organic materials. If areas of deterioration are evident, inspect the membrane for possible moisture infiltration.
Fastener Back-Out
Back-outs are generally caused by inadequacies with shank length, nature of drill point, thread design, stress plate and fastener head. If back-outs are noticeable, evaluate the roof system to assess whether or not other back-outs are likely. If a large number of fasteners have backed out or are starting to back-out, reroofing, rather than repair may be needed and should be considered.
Looking Fοr More Information About Installing A Nеw Flat Roof?
Roofing οr re-roofing уουr business οr commercial property іѕ a big investment. If уοu аrе planning tο repair or install a flat roof οn your building, tһе best thing tο ԁο іѕ hire a professional roofing contractor tһаt һаѕ experience working wіtһ commercial roof systems.
A Minnesota roofing contractor can help you assess the costs and provide you with more information about each type of commercial roofing material. It is always important to get the opinion of the experts in the business, especially when it comes to something as critical as maintaining, repairing and installing a commercial roofing system.
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